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Nature of Suits covered under CPC

The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) covers a wide range of civil suits. It provides the procedural framework for resolving various civil disputes...

Res-sub-judice under CPC

Concept of Res-sub-judice The concept of res sub judice, meaning "a matter under judgment," is a legal doctrine that prevents the simultaneous litigation of two...

Res Judicata under CPC

Concept of Res Judicata The concept of res judicata, meaning "a matter adjudicated," is a legal doctrine that prevents the re-litigation of a case that...

Restitution under CPC

Under the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), the concept of restitution refers to the restoration or compensation for any loss suffered by a party...

Order 1: Parties to Suits

1. Who may be joined as plaintiffs.—All persons may be joined in one suit as plaintiffs where— (a) any right to relief in respect of,...

Order 2: Frame of Suit

1. Frame of suit.—Every suit shall as far as practicable be framed so as to afford ground for final decision upon the subjects in...

Order 3: Recognized Agents and Pleaders

1. Appearances, etc., may be in person, by recognized agent or by pleader.—Any appearance, application or act in or to any Court, required or...

Order 4: Institution of suits

1. Suit to be commenced by plaint.—(1) Every suit shall be instituted by presenting plaint in duplicate to the Court or such officer as it...

Order 5: Issue and service of summons

Issue of Summons 1. Summons.—(1) When a suit has been duly instituted, a summons may be issued to the defendant to appear and answer the...

Order 6: Pleadings generally

1. Pleading.—“Pleading” shall mean plaint or written statement. 2. Pleading to state material facts and not evidence.—(1) Every pleading shall contain, and contain only, a...

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